Objective To compare the effects of small-dose sufentanil and fentanyl on cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopic orotracheal intubation in children.

目的比较小剂量舒芬和枸橼酸芬儿童直接喉镜经口气管插管血管反应的效果。

The potent and rapid-acting opiates (fentanyl, sufentanil, alfentanil) can be used as the sole induction agents in cardiovascular surgery where hemodynamic stability is critical.

（芬、叔芬、阿芬）强效和快速起作用的吗啡类药物，由于其对血液动力学稳定可作为手术单独诱导麻醉剂。