Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by a spirochaete. Symptoms include liver and kidney failure and vasculitis.

钩端体病是一种由菌引起传染病。症状有肝脏、省脏血管炎。

Flagella is an unique structure that presents in appropriate half of bacillus,few coccus,and all of spirilla and vibrio.

鞭毛是细菌一种特殊结,约半数杆菌、极少数球菌所有菌及弧菌都有鞭毛。